Improvement in paper-calendering rolls



JOHN H. GARFIELD.

Improvement in Paper Calendaring Rolls. No.124,048.

Patefied Feb. 27

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J OHN H. GARFIELD, OF N EIVTON LOWER FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, THOMAS RICE, AND FREDERICK CURTIS, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER=CALENDERING ROLLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 124,048, dated February 27, 1872.

To all zrhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. GARFIELD, of Newton Lower Falls, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have made an invention of certain Improvements in Machinery for the Fabrication of Paper and do hereby declare the following description to em brace the nature, purposes, and advantages of my said invention, due reference being had to the drawing accompanying this specification, in which Figure l is a plan, Fig. 2 a side elevation; and Fig. 3 a vertical section of a stack of calender-rolls to which my invention is applied.

The drawing accompanying this specification represents, at a I) c d e, a stack of finishing calender-rolls of paper machinery, such rolls being mounted in suitable upright standards A A, in the ordinary manner. The purpose of calender-rolls in paper machinery is to impart a polished surface to the paper, the number of these rolls and the pressure that is applied to them being varied somewhat in different establishments, this act of calendering the paper being the last stage of manufacture with the exception of reeling and cutting. As the band or continuous sheet of paper passes from the driers, so called, to the calender-rolls with a considerable degree of tension, it very frequently happens that the sheet is broken, and the connection between the driers and such rolls severed, and it is no unusual thing for this breaking down, as it is called, to occur many times in a day.

It is, as all manufacturers are aware, one of the most serious evils attending the fabrication of paper, for several reasons: First, before the sheet of paper can be seized and again introduced to the rolls, more or less waste accumulates, varying in amount with the dexterity of the attendant. Secondly, with the small rolls now employed, which are about six inches in diameter, and from five or seven to thirteen in number in each stack, it is a matter of great difficulty to introduce the paper between each pair of rolls, and requires the careful and undivided attention of two experienced men to direct it properlythrough the series. It is, at best, a dangerous act, and many serious and fatal accidents often occur from this cause, and considerable quantities of waste paper often result by the sheet becoming wound about some one of the rolls, instead of passing through the stack. The purpose of this invention is to provide a means whereby the paper may be introduced to and compelled to pass between and be seized by each successive pair of rolls unerringly, and by a person of little experience and judgment, the paper, in fact, by the aid of my invention, being automatically carried through the series of rolls after being passed over the upper one.

In carrying my invention into effect, I employ two endless bands, cords, or their substitutes shown at F F in the drawin such bands being composed of a fibrous material, leather, rubber, metal, or any other suitable substance, the inner portion of the two bands lapping together and passing partially about the neck f of each roll, and between the necks of each pair of rolls, the outer portion of each belt, after emerging from between the lower rolls, traveling up ward alongside the series and upon opposite sides thereof, one of the belts omitting the upper and lower rolls, in order to form a converging opening to grasp the paper and insert it between the two upper rolls, and to lose hold of the paper at the proper time to permit it to enter between the two lower rolls.

The operation of the endless bands is as follows The sheet of paper as it leaves the driers is seized by the attendant, and passed over the upper roll a, and one corner of it entered between the two lapping bands. The paper thus introduced is seized by such lapping belts, and

carried successively betweeneach pair of rolls (or such portion thereof as the bands may be applied to) without labor or exposure on the part of the attendant, who again seizes the sheet as it emerges from between the two lower rolls, and leads it to the reel, upon which it is wound, As the endless bands are situated to one side of the line of draft of the sheet of paper, the latter is drawn obliquely through the series of rolls and somewhat wrinkled, but instantly assumes its proper position, the waste resulting in this manner being of no appreciable amount.

The advantages of my invention are several and important, an d will at once manifest themselves to paper manufacturers, to whom this specification is chiefly addressed. First, a large amount of waste is avoided; second, but one hand is required about the machine; third, practically all liability to danger is avoided; fourth, much valuable time is economized, as under the present system the entire machine must be occasionally stopped to remove the mass of paper which has become entangled in the stack or wound about some one of the rolls.

In conclusion I would state that I do not limit myself to the special means or arrangement of mechanism herein described, as it is manifest that the same may be varied without departure from the principle of my invention, which consists in the mode of automatically feeding the continuous paper sheet back and forth between the calendering'rolls, as before YVitnesses:

H. M. M ORRILL, FRED. CURTIS. 

